Interactive Severity Classifier (Children ≤ 5 years)
Click on the signs and symptoms observed to determine the severity level of the asthma attack. This tool combines criteria from the GINA and AAP guidelines for rapid evaluation.
Key Objective Parameters
- 🌡️ Pulse Oximetry (SpO₂): Maintain >94%. An SpO₂ <92% after initial treatment suggests the need for intensive therapy.
- 🌬️ Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF): In >5 years, PEF <50% of the best value indicates alert (Red Zone). PEF <33-50% indicates life-threatening risk.
- 💨 Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FENO): Diagnostic use in >5 years, not recommended to guide routine treatment.
Impact Statistics
Pharmacological Treatment Algorithm
This is a step-by-step guide for pharmacological crisis management. Click on each step to see specific dosages and considerations. Oxygen therapy is essential to maintain SpO₂ 94-98% at all times.
Asthma Action Plan (Zones)
The written action plan is crucial for self-control. Empowers families to recognize worsening, initiate treatment, and seek help. The zone system is broken down below.
🟢 Green Zone (Good)
PEF ≥80%
No symptoms. Normal activity. Take daily control and relief medication before exercise if indicated.
🟡 Yellow Zone (Caution)
PEF 50-79%
Presence of symptoms (cough, wheezing). Limited activity. Use quick-relief medication and contact your doctor if there is no improvement.
🔴 Red Zone (Danger!)
PEF <50%
Severe respiratory distress. Quick relief doesn't help. Take relief medication and seek emergency medical attention IMMEDIATELY.
Control of Environmental Triggers
Identifying and mitigating triggers is as important as medication. Use this list as a conversation guide with families.
Long-Term Control Medications
The mainstay of preventive treatment is Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS). Other important options are presented here. Select a category to filter.
Correct Inhaler Technique (IDM + Chamber)
Incorrect technique is a common cause of poor control. Demonstrate and verify these steps with the family.
- Shake the inhaler well (3-4 times).
- Attach the inhaler to the spacer chamber.
- Place the mask sealing the nose and mouth (or mouthpiece in the mouth).
- Press the inhaler once to release the dose into the chamber.
- Hold the camera in position and breathe calmly 5-10 times.
- Repeat for each press, waiting 30-60 seconds between them.
- Clean the camera at least once a month with soap and water, and air dry.
Entry and Discharge Criteria
Quick guide for making decisions about hospitalization.
Consider Hospital Admission if:
- Need for SABA >10 pulses in 3-4 hours.
- SpO₂ <92% in ambient air.
- Inability to speak or drink, cyanosis, silent chest.
- Lack of response to initial therapy.
- Social environment that prevents safe care at home.
Consider High if:
- Significant clinical improvement.
- You do not need frequent rescue medication.
- A written action plan has been established and delivered.
- A follow-up appointment has been scheduled in 24-48 hours.